Working design of a homemade lathe

Even a well-used lathe is unaffordable for most hobbyists who only need it for processing small workpieces. If it is necessary to perform small amounts of work, the machine can be made with your own hands from rolled metal and several factory parts.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Basic materials:


  • steel corner 20x20 mm;
  • shaft on aluminum support SBR20;
  • carriages on linear bearings for the SBR20 shaft – 12 pcs.;
  • steel sheet 10 mm;
  • corner 30x30 mm;
  • long pin M10;
  • steel sheet 3 mm;
  • corner 40x40 mm;
  • four-jaw lathe chuck;
  • bearings in a housing with claws – 3 pcs.;
  • shaft for bearings with claws;
  • pulley on the shaft;
  • electric motor with pulley;
  • drive belt;
  • tool holder and cutters
  • M8 bolts.

Making a lathe


The machine frame is welded from a 20x20 mm corner, as in the photo. The top plane of the finished part must be sanded in order to be able to attach the rest of the equipment evenly.
Working design of a homemade lathe

2 longitudinal slides made of a shaft on an SBR20 aluminum support are screwed along the frame. They are equipped with 3 carriages on linear bearings.
Working design of a homemade lathe

A base plate is cut out of 10mm sheet steel, which will be mounted on the carriages. It is screwed with 24 bolts, 4 for each carriage.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

Next, you need to secure the feed shaft, which will move the platform along the machine. For this, a long pin with a diameter of 10 mm is used. It is attached to the ends of the machine on screwed supports made from a turned corner 30x30 mm.
Working design of a homemade lathe

To attach the carriage platform to the shaft, you need to make a protrusion on the back of its plate. To do this, a bracket is bent from a 3 mm steel strip. It needs to be screwed to the stove as in the photo.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

Next, the made bracket is welded to 3 M10 nuts screwed onto the feed shaft from a stud. Now, when the shaft rotates, the platform moves along the machine.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

2 transverse slides from the same shaft are attached to the finished platform on an SBR20 aluminum support. Each skid is equipped with 3 carriages.
Working design of a homemade lathe

A steel plate 10 mm thick is screwed on top of the carriages with 24 bolts.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

For lateral movement of the platform, the installation of a feed shaft is also required. It is made from the same M10 pin according to a similar principle as the lower platform mechanism. To do this, 2 supports are made from a turned corner 30x30 mm and a bracket from a 3 mm strip, which is welded to 3 M10 nuts on the shaft.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

Next, you need to make a cube platform for the tool holder. Its top and bottom parts can be made from 10 mm sheet steel, and the sides from 3 mm sheet. Since there is a load on this unit, it should be reinforced with another side insert made of 3 mm sheet steel. A central hole is made in the upper part of the resulting cube, into which a thread is cut. It is used to attach the factory tool holder.
Working design of a homemade lathe

The base of the tool holder is screwed to the small platform of the machine using 4 bolts.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Handles are installed on the longitudinal and transverse feed shafts of the machine.
Working design of a homemade lathe

A 40x40 mm corner is welded along the perimeter of the base of the machine from a 20x20 mm corner. The longitudinal parts of the new angle are made longer to provide a base on the left for securing the spindle.
Working design of a homemade lathe

A 40x40 mm corner is welded onto the resulting base, as in the photo. The resulting structure is strengthened with inserts, since it will be subject to a strong deformation load.
A platform made of 10 mm sheet steel is welded on top of the resulting frame. 3 bearings in a housing with claws are attached to it. A steel shaft is inserted into the bearings.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

A circle corresponding to the diameter of the factory four-jaw chuck is cut out of 10 mm sheet steel. A large hole is made in its center corresponding to the diameter of the shaft. The manufactured part is mounted on a shaft mounted on bearings
Working design of a homemade lathe

Having installed and clamped the four-jaw spindle on the shaft, you need to press the cut circle against it and tighten it with the chuck using 3 bolts. This allows the circle to be balanced before welding it to the shaft.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Next, you need to remove the four-jaw spindle and cut off the excess part of the shaft along the line of the welded circle. The lathe chuck is installed back into its seat and clamped with 3 bolts.
A pulley is attached to the reverse side of the shaft.
Working design of a homemade lathe

For the existing electric motor, a frame is welded from a 20x20 mm corner. A small pulley is installed on the motor.
Working design of a homemade lathe

After this, by tensioning the belt between the pulleys, you need to place the engine on the base of the spindle shaft bearing platform.The electric motor frame must be made in such a way that it is possible to adjust the belt tension after welding it.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Having secured the cutter in the tool holder of the machine, you can already use it for its intended purpose. This design allows you to get the cutter close to the circle on which the spindle is attached in order to grind it, making it more accurate.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

The resulting machine has the ability to be modernized, for example, installing a tailstock, which will allow it to perform more serious tasks. This is a fairly expensive project, but it will cost less than a factory lathe.
Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

Working design of a homemade lathe

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Comments (4)
  1. Guest Alexander
    #1 Guest Alexander Guests 26 May 2019 22:10
    9
    So many expensive linear bearings and, as a result, a terrible collective farm. Especially with lead screws. No matter what.
  2. Guest Alex
    #2 Guest Alex Guests 27 May 2019 09:48
    4
    The presence of beats is felt, and hence the low quality of work.
  3. Name
    #3 Name Guests 18 July 2019 09:06
    2
    The cutter is set high above the bed, the bed itself is weak, there is no rigidity, which means it will crush. Cutting will not work properly.If you count the costs of materials and time, you get about 15 thousand rubles, which is about the cost of 1D601, 1601, TNSh and the like. Making factory analogues by hand is not a rewarding task; it’s easier to buy a ready-made one and direct your creative energy to something else.
  4. passerby
    #4 passerby Guests 12 January 2022 02:52
    1
    Why the hell do these machines cost 15 thousand rubles, science fiction guy :)? An article about how to make it, not buy it. Is it really so hard to think with your head... The design is certainly not a fountain, but it will do for a start. Linears are not at all useful here, especially for state employees.