How to solder SMD elements manually

How to solder SMD elements manually

Every day, radio amateurs are increasingly using SMD parts and components in their work. Despite their size, they are easier to work with: you don’t need to drill holes in the board, bite off long pins, etc. It is imperative to master the soldering of SMD parts, as it will definitely come in handy.
This master class is not intended for beginners in soldering, but rather for amateurs who are good at soldering but have a little difficulty soldering multi-legged microcircuits or controllers.

Will need


  • Soldering iron with temperature regulator and tip thickness no more than 2 mm.
    How to solder SMD elements manually

  • Sponge for cleaning the tip.
    How to solder SMD elements manually

  • PSH wire.
    How to solder SMD elements manually

  • Tweezers.
    How to solder SMD elements manually

  • Tubular solder or other.
    How to solder SMD elements manually

  • Flux paste.
    How to solder SMD elements manually

  • Flux is liquid.
    How to solder SMD elements manually


This is a minimal set, without expensive soldering stations, hair dryers and desoldering pumps.

We solder SMD parts with our own hands


So, let's start with the most difficult thing - soldering the controller in the QFP100 case. With chip resistors and capacitors, I think everything is clear. The main rule here: there is no such thing as too much flux, or you won’t ruin the soldering with flux. Excessive application of flux prevents tin from spreading abundantly over the contacts and shorting them. There is also a second minor rule: even a little solder can be a lot.In general, you need to dose and apply it to the sting very carefully so as not to overdo it, otherwise it will flood everything at once.

Tinning the site


Experienced electronics technicians don't always perform this step, but I recommend doing it in the first couple of days.
You need to tin the board, namely the place where the controller will be soldered. Of course, the site is most likely tinned, especially if the board was made in production. But over time, an oxide film appears on the contacts, which can hinder you.
Heat the soldering iron to operating temperature. Lubricate the area generously with flux. We apply a little solder to the tip and tin the tracks.
How to solder SMD elements manually

We remove excess solder using the PSH wire. It absorbs solder perfectly due to the capillarity effect.
How to solder SMD elements manually

Installing and aligning the controller


Once the site is prepared, it's time to install the controller. There is a trick here; most solders install the microcircuit and use tweezers to align its contacts along the tracks. But this is very difficult to do, since even a slight twitch of the hand throws the controller a considerable distance.
It will be much easier to do this if you grease the corners diagonally with flux paste.
How to solder SMD elements manually

Now we install the controller and adjust it with tweezers.
How to solder SMD elements manually

As soon as the microcircuit is installed, we solder the contacts diagonally.
How to solder SMD elements manually

We check that all contacts are in the right place.

Soldering microcircuit contacts


Here you can already use both liquid and viscous flux. We apply it very liberally to the contacts.
How to solder SMD elements manually

We wet the tip with a drop of solder. We clean off excess with a sponge.
How to solder SMD elements manually

And, carefully move along the lubricated contacts.
How to solder SMD elements manually

There's no need to rush.
How to solder SMD elements manually

Removing excess flux and solder


After soldering all the contacts, it's time to remove excess solder. Probably several contacts stuck together.
How to solder SMD elements manually

How to solder SMD elements manually

We wet the contacts very generously with liquid flux. We completely clean the soldering iron tip from solder with a sponge and go over the sticky contacts. Excess solder should be drawn onto the tip.
To remove excess flux, use SBS - an alcohol-gasoline mixture mixed 1:1.
We wet it generously.
How to solder SMD elements manually

And we wipe it.
How to solder SMD elements manually

Watch the video


Be sure to watch the video, where you can clearly see the movement of the soldering iron and all the manipulations.
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Comments (3)
  1. Egor
    #1 Egor Guests 22 October 2018 20:29
    0
    What should be the operating temperature of the soldering iron and how do you know which side to place the controller on?
    1. Guest Victor
      #2 Guest Victor Guests October 23, 2018 09:23
      0
      The temperature should be according to the solder, on average 200-260 degrees. The controller is installed using a key, there is a mark on the board and on the chip.
  2. sfe
    #3 sfe Guests 26 October 2018 07:39
    1
    The manual says the soldering iron does not have a thin tip